Ferrari

Ferrari SpA is the Italian luxury sports car manufacturer based in Maranello. Founded by Enzo Ferrari in 1929, as Scuderia Ferrari, the company sponsored racers and manufactured race cars before moving into production of street-legal vehicles in 1947. Fiat acquired 50% of Ferrari in 1969 and expanded its stake to 90% in 1988 . In May 2012, the 1962 Ferrari 250 GTO became the most expensive car in the world, sold in a private transaction for $ 38,115,000 for communications with the king Craig McCaw. In 2014 Fiat announced its intention to sell part of its stake in Ferrari; as the announcement of Fiat owned 90% of Ferrari.

Throughout its history, the company has recorded a continued participation in racing, especially in Formula One, where it has been a great success. Ferrari road cars are generally seen as a symbol of speed, luxury and wealth.

Ferrari History

Enzo Ferrari initially not interested in the idea of ​​producing road cars when he formed Scuderia Ferrari in 1929, with headquarters in Modena. Scuderia Ferrari (pronounced) literally means "Ferrari Stable", and usually used to mean "Team Ferrari." Ferrari prepared and fielded Alfa Romeo race car for the amateur driver. In 1933 Alfa Romeo interesting in-house racing team and appointed Scuderia Ferrari as the team works. Enzo Ferrari receives the latest specification Monopostos and fielded many famous drivers such as Tazio Nuvolari and Achille Varzi. In 1938 Alfa Romeo brought the racing operation again at home, forming the Alfa Corse in Milano and hire Enzo Ferrari as a new racing department manager. At the same time the Scuderia Ferrari dissolved.

In September 1939, Enzo Ferrari left Alfa Romeo under the stipulation that he not use the Ferrari name in relation to race or race car for at least four years. A few days later he founded Auto Avio Costruzioni, which is headquartered in the old facilities of the Scuderia Ferrari. The new company as if produced machine tools and aircraft accessories. In 1940 Ferrari did in fact produce a racing car - the Tipo 815, based on Fiat platform - the non-competition period. This is the first Ferrari cars and debuted at the 1940 Mille Miglia, but due to World War II it saw little competition. In 1943 the Ferrari factory moved to Maranello, where it remained ever since. The factory was bombed by the Allies in 1944 and rebuilt in 1946, after the war ended, and including works for road car production.
Name of the Scuderia Ferrari racing cars are raised to show the factory and distinguish them from those fielded by customer teams.

166MM Barchetta 212/225
The first Ferrari road car is the 1947 125 S, powered by a 1.5 L V12 engine; Enzo Ferrari reluctantly built and sold cars to fund Scuderia Ferrari.

In 1960 the company was restructured as a public company under the name SEFAC SpA (Società Esercizio Fabbriche Automobili e Corse).

Beginning in 1969, Fiat took a 50% stake in Ferrari. The direct result is an increase in investment funds available, and work began at once on the factory extension is intended to transfer production from the Turin plant Fiat Fiat Dino Ferrari engine. The new models further investments in the range of Ferrari also received a boost.

In 1988, Enzo Ferrari oversee the launch of the Ferrari F40, the last new Ferrari to be launched before his death later that year, and arguably one of the most famous supercars ever made. In 1989 the company changed its name to Ferrari SpA From 2002 to 2004, produced Enzo Ferrari, the fastest model them at the time, which was introduced and named in honor of the company's founder, Enzo Ferrari. It was called the F60, F40 and F50 to continue on, but Ferrari were very happy with it, they called Enzo instead. At first offered to loyal customers and reoccurring, each made 399 (400 minus donated to the Vatican to charity) have a price tag of $ 650,000 each (the equivalent of £ 400,900).
On September 15, 2012, 964 Ferrari cars (worth more than $ 162 million (equivalent to 99.95 million pounds)) attended the Ferrari Driving Day at Silverstone Circuit Silverstone Circuit and paraded throughout the world record.

Former CEO and Chairman of Ferrari, Luca di Montezemolo, resigned from the company after 23 years, and will be replaced by Sergio Marchionne, CEO and Chairman of Fiat Chrysler Automobiles, Ferrari's parent company.

On October 29, 2014, FCA group, the result of a merger between manufacturers Fiat and Chrysler, announced the split of luxury brands, Ferrari. The goal is to transform the Ferrari into an independent brand 10% of the shares will be sold in an IPO in 2015.

Ferrari Motorsport

For a complete list of Ferrari racing cars, see List of Ferrari competition car.

Ferrari 312T2 Formula One car driven by Niki Lauda

Since the beginning of the company, Ferrari has been involved in motorsport, competing in a variety of categories including Formula One and sports car racing with Scuderia Ferrari sporting division as well as providing cars and engines to other teams and for the make-races.

The 1940 AAC 815 was the first racing car designed by Enzo Ferrari, although it was not badged as a Ferrari model.

Scuderia Ferrari

Scuderia Ferrari has participated in several classes of motorsport, although currently only official involved in Formula One. It is the only team to compete in the Formula One World Championship continues since its inception in 1950. José Froilan González gave the team's first F1 victory at the 1951 British Grand Prix.

Scuderia Ferrari driver to win the Formula One title in 2007, with Kimi Raikkonen.
Alberto Ascari gave Ferrari the first Drivers Championship a year later. Ferrari is the oldest team in the championship, and the most successful: the team holds nearly every Formula One record. In 2014, a record 15 teams including the World Drivers Championship titles (1952, 1953, 1956, 1958, 1961, 1964, 1975, 1977, 1979, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004 and 2007) 16 World Constructors Championship titles (1961, 1964, 1975, 1976, 1977, 1979, 1982, 1983, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2007 and 2008), 221 wins Grand Prix, 6736.27 points, 679 podiums, 207 pole positions and 230 The fastest lap in the 890 Grand Prix contested. Of the 19 songs used in 2014, eight have a lap record set by Ferrari F2004, with over 3 sets with Ferrari F2003-GA, Ferrari F2008 and Ferrari F10.

Ferrari drivers include: Tazio Nuvolari, Juan Manuel Fangio, Luigi Chinetti, Alberto Ascari, Wolfgang von Trips, Phil Hill, Olivier Gendebien, Mike Hawthorn, Peter Collins, Giancarlo Baghetti, John Surtees, Lorenzo Bandini, Ludovico Scarfiotti, Jacky Ickx, Mario Andretti , Clay Regazzoni, Niki Lauda, ​​Carlos Reutemann, Jody Scheckter, Gilles Villeneuve, Didier Pironi, Patrick Tambay, René Arnoux, Michele Alboreto, Gerhard Berger, Nigel Mansell, Alain Prost, Jean Alesi, Michael Schumacher, Eddie Irvine, Rubens Barrichello, Felipe Massa, Kimi Raikkonen, Fernando Alonso and Sebastian Vettel.

At the end of the 2006 season, the team courted controversy by continuing to allow Marlboro to sponsor them after they, along with the other F1 teams, made a promise to end sponsorship relating to tobacco producers. A five-year deal was agreed and although this will not end until 2011, in April 2008 Marlboro dropped their on-car brand Ferrari.

Drivers competing for 2009 were Felipe Massa and Kimi Raikkonen. In 2010 Fernando Alonso started racing for Ferrari after racing for Renault, Minardi and McLaren, filling Kimi Räikkönen's former seat.

A 312PB (driven by Jacky Ickx) during the team's last year in the World Sportscar Championship.
Besides Formula One, Ferrari also entered the car in sports car racing, there are two programs in parallel for many years.

In 1949, Luigi Chinetti driving 166 M to Ferrari's first win in motorsports, the 24 Hours of Le Mans. Ferrari continued to dominate the early years of the World Sportscar Championship which was created in 1953, winning the title seven of the first nine years.

When the championship format changed in 1962, Ferrari earned titles in at least one grade each year until 1965 and then again in 1967. Ferrari will win one last title, the World Championship in 1972 Makes before Enzo decided to leave sports car racing after 1973 and allow Scuderia Ferrari to concentrate solely on Formula One.

During the season of Ferrari World Sportscars Championship, they also gained more wins at the 24 Hours of Le Mans, with the factory team earning their first in 1954. Another win would come in 1958, followed by five consecutive wins from 1960 to 1964. Luigi Chinetti in the North American Racing Team (NART) would take the final victory Ferrari at Le Mans in 1965.

Although Scuderia Ferrari no longer participated in sports cars after 1973, they occasionally built various successful sports cars for privateers. This includes 512 BB LM in the 1970s, the 333 SP which won the IMSA GT Championship in the 1990s, and currently 458 GT2 and GT3 are currently winning championships in their respective classes.

Ferrari Car racing for another team

Throughout its history, Ferrari has supplied racing cars to other entrants, apart from the work itself Scuderia Ferrari team.

In the 1950s and 60s, Ferrari supplied Formula One car to a number of private entrants and other teams. One famous example is Tony Vandervell team 's, which ran with Ferrari Special Thinwall changed before building their own Vanwall car. The North American Racing Team entry 's in the last three rounds of the 1969 season is the last chance that a team other than Scuderia Ferrari entered the Grand Prix World Championship with Ferrari.

Ferrari supplied cars complete with V8 engines for the A1 Grand Prix series, from the 2008-09 season. The car was designed by Rory Byrne and laid out like a 2004 Ferrari Formula One car.
Ferrari currently running programs to subscribers GT racing version of the 458 model, and has done so for 458 predecessors, dating back to 355 in the late 1990s. Private teams such as the American Risi Competizione and the Italian AF Corse team has been very successful with the Ferrari GT racer for many years. This car, built for endurance racing sports car that will compete against the racing version of the Audi R8, the McLaren MP4-12C, and the BMW Z4 has proven to be successful, but not as successful as its predecessor, the F430. The Ferrari Challenge is one of the make racing series for the Ferrari 458. The FXX is not road legal, and is therefore only used for track events.

Ferrari Road car

For a complete list, including future models and concept cars, see List of Ferrari road cars.

Ferrari 166 Inter Coupe Touring
The latest models
California T
488 GTB
458 Italia
458 Spider

• Grand tourer
• V8 turbocharged engine
• Conversion
• The sports car
• V8 turbocharged engine
• Coupé
• The sports car
• V8 engine
• Coupé
• The sports car
• V8 engine
• Roadster


458 Speciale
FF
F12berlinetta
LaFerrari

• The sports car
• V8 engine
• Coupé
• Grand tourer
• V12
• Shooting-brake
• Grand tourer
• V12
• Coupé
• The sports car
• V12 + hydrocarbons KERS
• Coupé


Ferrari's first vehicle was the 125 S sports / racing models. In 1949, Ferrari 166 Inter, the first step of the company to market a great tour, which continues to make the most of the sales Ferrari until now.
Several early cars featured bodywork customized by a number of coachbuilders such as Pininfarina, Zagato and Bertone.

Dino was the first mid-engined Ferrari. This layout would go on to be used in most Ferraris of the 1980s and 1990s. V8 Ferrari models make up more than half of the total production of the marque.
For a time, Ferrari built 2 + 2 version of the mid-engined V8 cars. Although they look very different from counterparts 2-seat them, both the GT4 and Mondial were closely related to the 308 GTB.
The company has also produced front-engined 2 + 2 cars, culminating in the current California.
Ferrari entered the mid-engined 12-cylinder fray with the Berlinetta Boxer in 1973. The later Testarossa remains one of the most famous Ferrari.
Supercars

Ferrari Enzo
The most noble efforts the company has been in the supercar market. The 1962 250 GTO may be considered the first in the line of Ferrari supercars, which extends to the recently LaFerrari Model.
Concept cars and specials

Ferrari P4 / 5

Ferrari has produced a number of concept cars, like the Ferrari Mythos. While some of them quite radical (such as the Ferrari Modulo) and never intended for production, others such as the Ferrari Mythos have shown styling elements which were later incorporated into production models.
Latest concept car that will be produced by Ferrari itself is a 2010 Ferrari Millechili.
A number of one-off special versions of Ferrari road cars have also been produced, for coachbuilders commissioned by wealthy owners. Recent examples include the Ferrari P4 / 5 by Pininfarina and the Ferrari 612 Kappa.

Ferrari Special Projects

Special Projects program was launched in the 2000s as the ultimate personalized service Ferrari at home, allowing the customer to have a bespoke-bodied one-off by a modern road car Ferrari. Engineering and design is done by Ferrari, sometimes in collaboration with external design houses like Pininfarina or Fioravanti, and receive full homologation vehicle into the street legal. The first car will be completed in this program is the 2008 Ferrari SP1, commissioned by a Japanese business executive, the second is the P540 Superfast Aperta, commissioned by an American collector.
This is a list of Special Projects cars that have been made public:

Ferrari SP1

2008 F430
Junichiro Hiramatsu Design by Leonardo Fioravanti.

Ferrari P540 Superfast Aperta

2009 599 GTB
Edward Walson Inspired by the same open-topped gold painted and one-off built by Carrozzeria Fantuzzi on the Ferrari 330 LMB chassis.

Ferrari Superamerica 45

 2011 599 GTB
Peter Kalikow
Targa spinning top; design by Pininfarina

Ferrari SP12 EC

 2012 458 Italia
Eric Clapton
Designed by the Centro Stile Ferrari and Pininfarina, the Ferrari 512 BB hommaging.

Ferrari SP Arya 2013 599 GTO

Cheerag Arya
FFX Ferrari FF
Shin Okamoto Design by Pininfarina

Ferrari F12 TRS

2014 F12berlinetta
Barchetta body, inspired by the Ferrari 250 Testa Rossa. Designed by the Centro Stile Ferrari.
Ferrari SP America
2014 F12berlinetta

Bio-fuel cars and hybrids

Ferrari has considered making hybrids; for example, F430 Spider that runs on ethanol is shown at the 2008 Detroit Auto Show. Ferrari has announced that the hybrid will be in production in 2015. At the 2010 Geneva Motor Show, Ferrari launched a hybrid version of their flagship 599 Also in mid-2014 "LaFerrari" put into production, this rival "Porsche 918" and that "McLaren P1", which are both Hybrid Suprecars. Called the "HY-KERS Concept", the Ferrari hybrid system adds more than 100 horsepower on top of the 599 Fiorano is 612 HP.





Article Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/?title=Ferrari

Ferrari

Ferrari - The Can-Am Experience

Ferrari. A name that is synonymous with winning. Over 50 years of racing heritage; a heritage which includes several Formula One titles, as well as overall victories in Sports Car Racing at some of the most difficult race circuits known to exist. Tracks like Spa, the Nurburgring, and the great French classic held every year at Le Mans. Nearly every challenge the Prancing Horse of Maranello has undertaken in the last 60 years has resulted in victory. One series however was not intimidated by Italy's best. That series was the Can-Am Challenge, held between 1966 and 1974 in North America. The Can-Am, as it would become known, was perhaps the most exciting road racing series the planet has ever seen. Governed by the Sports Car Club of America, the series was run in accordance to the FIA's Group 7 rules for Sports Racing Cars. Group 7 rules were rather unlimited in many ways, which led manufacturers of all levels to run free with creativity and build some of the most technically advanced cars of their time.

In 1966, the Can Am's first actual season, the European factories had little interest in a series that only lasted from September to November and was comprised of just six events. Most of the entrants were independent teams. Teams like McLaren and Surtees, both headed by Formula 1 Champions that saw the Can Am as an opportunity to build their reputations as manufacturers. Ferrari already possessed a championship winning reputation. However, a young Mexican driver by the name of Pedro Rodriguez would fire Ferrari's first shot in what would soon become the hottest road racing series on the planet.

Bridgehampton, New York was the second round of the inaugural Can Am Series. The 2.85 mile course located in eastern Long Island would be the first time that a Ferrari would race in a Can Am event. Pedro Rodriguez was entered in a Dino 206S Coupe that September weekend. The young Mexican driver was able to achieve 22nd position on a grid filled with open-top sports racers powered by thundering American small block V-8s. The race would result in the little Ferrari not finishing due to the loss of a wheel. Rodriguez would appear again at Laguna Seca with the Dino, this time with a 18th place overall to show for his effort.

By early 1967, the Can Am was already being viewed as a fabulous series by many of the top names in North American road racing. The series caught the attention of Luigi Chinetti, the man at the helm of N.A.R.T. (North American Race Team), Ferrari's factory-backed team of choice in the United States. Chinetti would send one of N.A.R.T.'s P3/4 prototypes back to Maranello early in 1967 for modification to run in that year's Can Am Series. While at the factory, the P3/4 would receive several modifications to assist it in moving from Group 6 to Group 7 rules. The car was lowered and lightened, though the headlamps were retained. Provisions for a boot and spare wheel were eliminated, as there were no need for such luxuries in Can Am racing. The P3/4 also received a strengthened roll bar.

Ferrari's would be absent at the opening race held at Elkhart Lake, Wisconsin in 1967. Though Chinetti and the N.A.R.T. team would arrive for the season's second race at Bridgehampton. Lodovico Scarfiotti was selected to drive the P3/4 that September weekend and he achieved a grid position of 16th place. Scarfiotti, a Formula 1 veteran, would go on to drive the P3/4 to a 7th place finish in the race.

Scarfiotti would again pilot the P3/4 a week later at Mosport, one of the fastest tracks the Can Am Series raced at. The N.A.R.T. P3/4 would start from the 12th position on the grid. The weekend would result in a DNF for the Ferrari due to a crash.

The fourth race of the 1967 Can Am season was to see the most powerful sports cars in the world visit the beautiful Laguna Seca Raceway on the coast of Central California. This race would mark the appearance of two new Ferrari Can Am cars in the form of P4s. Now equipped with full glass-fibre bodies, a huge rear spoiler, and a larger 4.2 litre engine, it looked like there was a serious effort brewing from Italy's top name in racing. Chris Amon and John Williams were recruited to perform the driving duties. Amon, being the seasoned driver he was, performed well at Laguna Seca driving the number 23 Ferrari P4 from 16th on the grid to a 5th place finish. Williams also scored well on the weekend by completing 99 laps and capturing 8th place. Two weeks later, at Southern California's incredible Riverside Raceway, the Amon and Williams duo would again attempt to bring victory home for Maranello. This time the results were not as promising as Laguna Seca, with Amon finishing 3 laps down in 8th place and Williams crashing out. The final Can Am event of 1967 was held at Las Vegas. A dusty track in the Nevada desert, Vegas was known for wreaking havoc with both racers and their machines. Amon would put the P4 in 13th place on the grid, while Williams scored the grids 18th spot. Williams race was short, as a stone was ingested on lap 1, locking the throttle and leading to the retirement of the number 27 Ferrari. Amon would wind up with a DNF as well due to a crash. Despite mid-pack qualification times, the P4s proved capable of obtaining podium results.

The 1968 season would be a pivotal one for Ferrari. Pedro Rodriguez would once again take the wheel of a Ferrari at Bridgehampton. Gridding the P4 in 11th position, Rodriguez would have an off course excursion early in the race leading to a DNF in a race which saw heavy attrition. Ferrari was going through a battle with the FIA over rule changes made during the off season. As a result, Ferrari did not enter any sports car races as a factory effort in 1968, except one; the Stardust Grand Prix of Las Vegas. The car was the all-new Ferrari 612P, chassis number 0866. Bill Harrah, Ferrari's west coast importer, supplied the funding and the factory assisted the operation with total technical support. Mauro Forghieri was the man largely behind the design of Ferrari's first, true Can Am competitor.

The first generation 612P utilized a trellis frame which was reinforced with riveted and bonded sheet metal. The body was of total glass fibre construction, while the suspension was independent at all four corners. The 612P used a wing mounted just rear of the cockpit. The wing incorporated 2 flaps that were hydraulically operated by a pedal in the cockpit to assist the car in braking. A nose mounted air brake was also incorporated to work in conjunction with the flaps via the pedal. This system of hydraulically actuated flaps proved complex and was not friendly to the over all weight of the car, which tipped the scales at nearly 1700lbs. The real center-piece of the 612P was the engine. At a 6,222cc displacement, it was the largest engine ever constructed by Maranello up to that point in time. The engine was a dual over-head cam design using 48 valves and sporting a 10.5:1 compression ratio. Lucas indirect fuel injection was used to supply the mighty 12 cylinder with fuel, and a dry sump oiling system made sure that all the vital components were supplied with the proper amount of oil. The 612P used a 4 speed gearbox which helped the car put its 620 horsepower to the rear wheels.

Many thought that the rumor of such a large Ferrari was just that, a rumor. The factory sighted the delay of the 612P's debut on the German head gasket manufacturer which was having problems producing the proper gaskets for the largest V-12 to date. Once this was overcome, testing began at Modena where it was hoped the car would break the 50 second barrier. This did not occur, however the 612P did achieve a 50.8 second lap at Modena, enough to satisfy the team and prepare for the race at Las Vegas.

The Ferrari's debut at Las Vegas was nothing short of spectacular. At nearly seven feet wide, and with it's 6.2 litre V-12 producing a raw mechanical sound like nothing else in the field, the 612P was hard to miss to say the least. The factory took this effort very seriously, appointing Franco Gozzi as team manager, Mauro Forghieri as race engineer, and Giulio Borsari to the chief engineering position. Three mechanics were also sent to accompany the car. Chris Amon was appointed the driving duties at Stardust, were he was able to obtain 9th position on the grid with a lap time of 1:32.2. Unfortunately, the weekend would end dismally, for the 612P would suffer clogged injectors leading to a DNF for its debut race.

The Ferrari 612P would reappear in 1969 to do battle in the Can Am, however the Ferrari effort was headed by Kiwi driver Chris Amon with Maranello playing a support role. The first appearance would be at the Watkins Glen Can Am race held in mid-July. Gone were the complex hydraulically-actuated high wing and nose-mounted speed brake. This, along with all new body work, allowed the car to shed some weight. The chassis and engine were the same as the 1968 Las Vegas race, but the weight loss enabled Chris Amon to qualify 3rd, just behind the McLaren M8Bs of Bruce McLaren and Denny Hulme. With such a high qualifying position, it looked to be a promising race for what would become known as the second-generation 612P. Amon remained competitive throughout the race remaining within striking distance of the two bright orange McLarens. The final result would be a 3rd place finish for the Ferrari; but more importantly, a shot in the arm to the Can Am Series which was beginning to suffer from Team McLaren's domination.

Chris Amon would again deliver a spectacular show with the 612P at the following race in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. The car was fitted with a new 6.2 litre engine for this event. This proved exciting as the engine is claimed to be why the Ferrari's gearbox broke during practice, but nonetheless, Amon would once again occupy third position on the grid behind the brilliant McLarens of Bruce and Denny. Shortly following the green flag, Amon was able to pass Bruce McLaren's M8B to snatch second position. This started a battle unlike that which the McLaren cars had ever seen. Amon and McLaren would swap second place for several more laps until the M8B's Chevy engine gave out. This left second position to the Ferrari, which it would retain for the remainder of the race.

Amon would continue his streak of podium finishes with the big red Ferrari at Mid Ohio. Despite a poor qualifying result of 12th place, Amon managed to bring the Ferrari up through the pack to finish third, one lap behind the McLarens. Elkhart Lake was the next race, and the Ferrari 612P arrived with a major new aerodynamic wing mounted on struts above the rear of the car. Bracing was used to support the wing struts off the car's roll bar. Amon and the Ferrari would start the race from seventh position, but a faulty fuel pump would lead to an early end for the New Zealand driver and the 612P. Bridgehampton would deliver similar results for Ferrari, as Amon gridded the car in P3, his race would once again be cut short due to a broken oil pump shaft. Pedro Rodriguez would save the prancing horse's reputation at Bridgehampton with his 312P endurance racer. Pedro qualified 11th and drove the 312P to a fifth place finish, some 4 laps down from the leader. Amon would take the big Ferrari to the races at Michigan and Laguna Seca, but engine problems would result in the car not taking to the grid at these two events.




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